File Specification for GEOS-5 DAS Gridded Output
Addendum for Supporting the Tropical Composition Cloud and Climate
Coupling (TC4) Mission
Global Modeling and Assimilation Office
Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt,
Maryland
http://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov
Release
Date: 19 June 2007
Based on
the GEOS-5 File Specification Version 6.1
To support
NASA instrument teams with GEOS-5 DAS V1.0
This
addendum maintained by Arlindo da Silva (Arlindo.dasilva@nasa.gov)
Permission to quote from this document
should be obtained from the GMAO.
Michele Rienecker
Global Modeling and Assimilation Office
Earth Sciences Division
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Greenbelt,
Maryland 20771
|
Version Number
|
Revision Date
|
Extent of Changes
|
Approval Authority
|
|
6.1-TC4-r3
|
06/07/2007
|
Merged
with TC4 GEOS-5 Data document.
|
Michele
Rienecker
|
Table of Contents
1. Introduction...................................................................................................................................... 5
2. Format and File Organization......................................................................................................... 5
3. Assimilated Instantaneous Products vs. Model-generated Time-averaged
Products................. 5
4. Grid Structure................................................................................................................................. 7
Figure 1: Schematic of GEOS-5 LCV coordinate system................................................................. 9
5. File Naming Convention................................................................................................................ 10
6. TC4 File Collections...................................................................................................................... 12
6.1 Summary of Data Products...................................................................................................... 12
6.2 Caculation of file sizes.............................................................................................................. 14
6.3 Forecast Files – ½ by 1/3 Degree Resolution: Twice-daily at 00Z and
12Z............................ 14
6.4 Forecast Files – ¼ x 1/3 Degree Resolution: Once-daily at 12Z.............................................. 21
6.5 Analysis/Assimilation Files – ½ by 1/3 Degree Resolution:...................................................... 22
Appendix A. Types of Assimilation Configurations......................................................................... 25
Appendix E: Detailed Description of Output Variables.................................................................. 26
REFERENCES.................................................................................................................................. 34
The “File Specification for GEOS-5 DAS Gridded Output” document
describes the gridded output files from the version 5 of the Goddard Earth
Observing System Data Assimilation System (GEOS-5 DAS), which supports level-4
product generation. This document describes additional data products being
generated in support of the Tropical Composition Cloud and Climate Coupling
(TC4) Mission.
The GMAO operational assimilation runs 4 times/day
approximately 12 hours behind real-time.
During the TC4 Flight Campaign (16 July through 8 August 2007) the GMAO
will produce twice daily ½ x 2/3 degree
forecasts at 00Z and 12Z and once daily ¼ x 1/3 degree forecasts at 12Z with
data products tailored to the needs of the TC4 Mission. Information on the
status of GMAO product generation can be found at http://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/operations/.
GEOS-5 DAS files are in HDF-EOS format, which is an
extension of the Hierarchical Data Format (HDF), Version 4 developed at the
National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA); files from GEOS-5
forecasts will be in a CF-compliant HDF-4 format without the HDF-EOS
extensions. Each GEOS-5 file will contain a single HDF-EOS grid, which in turn
contains a number of geophysical quantities that we will refer to as
"fields" or "variables." Some files will contain 2-D
variables on a lon/lat grid and some files will contain 3-D variables on the
same lon/lat grid but with an additional vertical dimension. In order to keep
individual file sizes manageable, all files will contain only one valid data
time, in contrast to the daily files produced by earlier GEOS systems.
In
addition to the geophysical variables, the files will have SDS arrays that
define dimension scales (or coordinate variables). There will be two distinct
scales for each dimension, which will insure that a wide variety of graphical
display tools can interpret the dimension scales. In particular, there is a set
of dimension scales that adhere to the CF conventions as well as the older
COARDS conventions (see References).
Due to the
large size of these data files we will use the internal GZIP compression
capability of HDF-4, which provides a lossless compression of scientific data.
In order to achieve a higher level of compression, we will pre-condition the
data values to be archived by “shaving” digits off the mantissa of each 32 bit
float point prior to applying the GZIP lossless compression. Using this lossy
compression scheme, we can reduce file sizes by 50% to 80% or even more, and
yet not require any adjustment in the end user’s software. Unlike SZIP compression in HDF-4, GZIP
compression comes standard with HDF-4 and these files can be directly read by
desktop applications such as IDL, Matlab and GrADS.
GEOS-5 gridded output files
are identified as either instantaneous or time-averaged products. For upper-air
fields, all pressure products are instantaneous and all lagrangian control
volume (lcv) products are time-averaged. Single-level or surface products may
be either instantaneous or time-averaged. The GMAO is no longer producing
time-averaged pressure products, as was done with GEOS-3 and GEOS-4.
The
instantaneous products are generated by
the analysis segment of the assimilation process. All instantaneous products contain fields
that are snapshots of a specific time, with a single time per file. Upper-air products such as
“inst3d_met_p" have a time frequency of 6 hours, with data valid at the
four standard synoptic times (00 GMT,
06 GMT, 12 GMT, and 18 GMT).
Instantaneous single-level products, such as “inst2d_met_x,” have a
time-frequency of 3 hours, valid at the times listed above, plus the interim
times of 03 GMT, 09 GMT, 15 GMT, and 21 GMT.
The
time-averaged products are generated by the Incremental Analysis Update (IAU)
segment of the analysis process. The IAU
gradually forces the model integration through the 6-hour period between
analysis times. Time-averaged products
are averaged over a 3-hour period for single-level files and over a 6-hour
period for lcv files. Single-level
products consist of 8 files per day, with time-stamps at the center of the
3-hour averaging interval (i.e., 01:30, 04:30, 07:30, 10:30, 13:30, 16:30,
19:30, and 22:30 GMT), and there is a single time period per file (e.g., the
first file for a given day is time stamped with 01:30 GMT and represents the
average between 00 GMT and 03 GMT). Time-averaged
lcv-level products consist of 4 files/day, with time-stamps of 00, 06, 12, and
18 GMT, with each file time-stamped at the center of a 6-hour average (e.g.,
the first file of a given day is time-stamped with 00 GMT and represents an
average between 21 GMT of the previous day and 03 GMT of the given day).
4.1 Horizontal Grids
GEOS-5
gridded output will be provided on 2 different horizontal grids:
a) Global
2/3 x 1/2 degree longitude-latitude horizontal grid, consisting of IM=540 points in the longitudinal
direction and JM=361 points in the latitudinal
direction. The horizontal grid origin is
the lower-left corner of the first grid box (I=1, J=1) and represents the
geographical location (180W, 90S). Latitude and longitude as a function of
their indices (I,J) can be determined by:
i.
LONI = -180 + (I-1) * dLON, I=1, IM
ii.
LATJ = -90 + (J-1) * dLAT, J=1, JM
where dLON = 2/3° and
dLAT = 1/2°. For all parameters of each file, a grid point
represents the center of a box, i.e., the value at (LON=0, LAT=0) represents a
box bounded by the points (LON=-0.33,
LAT=0.25), (LON=-0.33, LAT=-0.25), (LON=0.33, LAT=-0.25), and (LON=0.33,
LAT=0.25). Scalar values usually
represent the volume mean within the box.
b) Global
1/3 x 1/4 degree longitude-latitude horizontal grid, consisting of IM=1080 points in the longitudinal
direction and JM=721 points in the
latitudinal direction. The horizontal
grid origin is the lower-left corner of the first grid box (I=1, J=1) and
represents the geographical location (180W, 90S). Latitude and longitude as a
function of their indices (I,J) can be determined by:
iii.
LONI = -180 + (I-1) * dLON, I=1, IM
iv.
LATJ = -90 + (J-1) * dLAT, J=1, JM
where dLON = 1/3° and
dLAT = 1/4°. For all parameters of each file, a grid point
represents the center of a box, i.e., the value at (LON=0, LAT=0) represents a
box bounded by the points (LON=-0.33,
LAT=0.125), (LON=-0.33, LAT=-0.125), (LON=0.1666, LAT=-0.25), and (LON=0.1666,
LAT=0.25). Scalar values usually
represent the volume mean within the box.
4.2
Vertical Grid
The vertical structure of gridded products will
have three different configurations: single-level (can be vertical averages or
surface values), pressure-level, or lcv-level. Single-level data for a given
variable appear as 3-dimensional fields (x, y, time) with multiple times
spanning multiple files, while pressure-level data appear as 4-dimensional
fields (x, y, z, time). Pressure-level data will be output on LMP=26 pressure levels (hPa): 1000, 975, 950, 925, 900, 850, 800, 750, 700, 650, 600, 550, 500,
450, 400, 350, 300, 250, 200,150, 100, 70, 50, 30, 20, 10. The
appropriate grid structure will be specified both in the filename and the
metadata.
The GEOS-5 terrain-following lagrangian control volume
(lcv) coordinates are similar to an eta coordinate system. There are LM=72 layers in the
5 lcv products: tavg3d_dyn_v, tavg3d_cld_v, tavg3d_mst_v, tavg3d_tmp_v, and
tavg3d_wnd_v, with the values representing a layer-mean unless otherwise
noted. Additionally there is the
tavg3d_prs_v product, which contains the LM-layer 3D variable PLijl, which defines the layer-mean pressure at
every horizontal grid-point. Note that
the delta pressure for each layer (DELPijl) and the surface pressure (PSij) are
also included in the tavg3d_prs_v product, allowing one to easily compute the
pressure at the edges of each layer. In
the GEOS-4 eta files, one could compute the pressure on the edges by using the
“ak” and “bk” values and the surface pressure; once the edge pressures were
known, they could be used to compute the average pressure in the layer. In GEOS-5, the full 3-dimensional pressure
variables are explicitly provided at both layer centers (PLijl) and layer edges (PLEijl).
As of this writing the pressures reported are on a hybrid-sigma coordinate, and
could be obtained from the “ak-bk” relationship. But this may change in the
future and so users should rely on the reported 3-dimensional pressures and not
attempt to compute them from “ak” and “bk”. Figure 1 is a schematic (not to
scale) of the GEOS-5 LCV coordinate system.
Note that the indexing in the vertical starts at the top, i.e., lcv
layer 1 is the layer at the top of the atmosphere while lcv layer LM is adjacent to the
earth’s surface.
Variables that are only defined on layer edges (such as
vertical fluxes between layers) are provided in the tavg3d_met_e product, which
has LM+1 levels
representing the top and bottom edges of the LM lcv layers of the model. This product also contains the 3-D variable
edge pressures, PLE.
The standard generic complete name for the assimilated
GEOS-5 configuration products will appear as follows:
expid.filetype.yyyymmdd_hhnn.hdf
GEOS-5 forecasts
files have an additional date string (separated by “+”) to indicate the initial
conditions for that forecast.
expid.filetype.YYYMMDD_HH+yyyymmdd_hhnn.hdf
A brief description of the node fields appear below:
expid:
Experiment
Identification. The GEOS-5 DAS data sets will be labeled:
GEOS5##
where ##
is a two-digit number. The first
operational release of GEOS-5 will have an experiment identification of
GEOS501. When a modified version of
GEOS-5 is used for either forward processing or reprocessing, we will increment
the ## appropriately. As updated
versions of the GEOS software are implemented in operations, the cvs tag in the
metadata parameter "History" will be modified. Information on version upgrades will also be
available on the GMAO operations status web page (http://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/operations/).
filetype:
The major
file types are subdivided into file collections. Collections contain several
fields with common characteristics. These collections are necessary to keep
file sizes reasonable. Each file type will contain the following information:
type/dimension_group_level
type/dimension:
There are four possible type/dimension
conventions for the DAS data products:
inst2d - 2-dimensional instantaneous
fields (no time averaging).
inst3d - 3-dimensional instantaneous
fields (no time averaging).
tavg2d - 2-dimensional 3-hour
time-averaged fields, time-stamped at the center of the averaging period. For
example, 04:30 GMT30z output would be a 3 GMT – 6 GMT time average).
tavg3d - 3-dimensional 6-hour
time-averaged fields, time-stamped at the center of the averaging period. For example, 6 GMT output would be a 3 GMT –
9 GMT time average.
group:
met: meteorological fields
prs:
pressure fields
dyn:
dynamical fields
mst:
moisture fields
tmp:
temperature fields
wnd: wind
fields
chm: CO, CO2 and O3
aer:
aerosols: dust, sea salt, sulfates and carbonaceous aerosols
level:
There are four possible level types for the DAS data:
x: single-level data (surface,
column-integrated, single-level)
p: pressure-level data (see Appendix C
for pressure levels)
v: lagrangian control volume (lcv)
layers
e: lagrangian control volume (lcv)
layer edges
yyyymmdd_hhnn:
This node defines the date and time of
the data in the file.
yyyy
- year string (e.g. "2002")
mm - month string (e.g.
"09" for September)
dd - day of the month string
(e.g. "10" for the tenth day of the month)
hh – valid hour
nn – valid minutes (either “00” or “30”)
YYYMMDD_HH
Similarly, this denotes the date and time
of the initial conditions for the forecasts.
EXAMPLE:
GEOS501.tavg3d_dyn_v.20020915_00z.hdf
This is an
example of a DAS filename from the operational GEOS-5 DAS. The data are 6-hour time averaged output on
lcv levels (rank 3: ). The filetype consists of dynamical fields. The valid
time for the data is Sep 15 at 00 GMT, which represents the 6-hour average from
Sep 14 at 21 GMT through Sep 15 at 03 GMT.
See the discussion on time-averaged data in section 3 for more information.
Table 1 summarizes the forecast
files to be produced during TC4. The meteorological products inst3d_met_p and tavg2d_met_x will
be produced at ½ x 2/3 degree resolution
twice daily (00Z and 12Z) and ¼ x 1/3 degree horizontal resolution once a day
(12Z). The remaining aerosol and chemical constituent files will produced only at ½ x 2/3 degree resolution
twice daily. See sections 6.3 and 6.4 for a detailed list of variable names.
The analysis data products will
consist of the standard GEOS-5 DAS near real-time offerings, supplemented by
the aerosol and chemical constituent products listed in Table 2. All these
products will be produced in ½ x 2/3 degree resolution only. See the “File
Specification for GEOS-5 DAS Gridded Output” document for a
list of standard products, and sections 6.5 for a detailed list of variable
names in the supplemental files.
Table 1. Summary of GEOS-5
Forecast files
|
File Type
|
Description
|
Variables
|
Res.(*)
|
Ref.
Times
|
File Freq
|
GZIP size
Mb/fcst
|
|
Inst3d_met_p
|
Instantaneous
3D meteorological state on pressure coordinates
|
U, V,T, Q, OMEGA,
H, RH, EPV, PS, SLP, PHIS, TSKIN, ___10M
|
D26
E26
|
0Z, 12Z
12Z
|
3 hr
|
3360
6592
|
|
Tavg2d_met_x
|
Time
averaged 2D misc fields, single-level/vertical average
|
PS,
PHIS, SLP, PREC___, CLD___, TROP___, PBLH, CAPE, TSKIN, TQV, TQL, TQI
|
D
E
|
0Z, 12Z
12Z
|
3 hr
|
340
504
|
|
Tavg3d_chm_p
|
Time
averaged 3D chemical state on pressure coordinates
|
LWI, PS, CO, CO2, O3
|
D26
|
0Z, 12Z
12Z
|
3 hr
|
1240
|
|
Tavg2d_chm_x
|
Time
averaged 2D chemical state, single level/vertical average
|
LWI, SCO, TCO, SCO2, TCO2, SO3,
TTO3, TO3 (includes production/ loss terms)
|
D
|
0Z, 12Z
12Z
|
3 hr
|
100
|
|
Tavg3d_aer_p
|
Time
averaged 3D aerosol concentration on pressure coordinates
|
LWI, PS, DU, SS,
SO4, SO2, BC, OC
|
D26
|
0Z, 12Z
|
3 hr
|
2440
|
|
Tavg2d_aer_x
|
Time average
2D aerosol diagnostics
|
Many (100+): AOT,
surface/column mass, production & loss terms
|
D
|
0Z, 12Z
|
3 hr
|
1640
|
|
Inst2d_hwl_x
|
Instantaneous
2D fields for Hyperwall
|
SLP, H500, DUAOT, SSAOT, BCAOT,
OCAOT, SO4AOT, SCO, SCO2,SSO2, TCO, TCO2,TTO3, TO3, TSO2
|
D
|
0Z, 12Z
|
1 hr
|
660
|
(*) “D”
resolution corresponds to 2/3o longitude x 1/2 o latitude,
while “E” resolution corresponds to 1/3
o longitude x 1/4 o latitude. The 2 digits specify the number
of vertical levels.
Table 2. Summary of GEOS-5
Analysis/Assimilation files: additions to GEOS-5 File Specification.
|
File Type
|
Description
|
Variables
|
Res.
|
File Freq
|
GZIP Size
Mb/day
|
|
Inst3d_chm_v
|
Instantaneous
3D chemical state on LCV coordinates
|
LWI, PS, DELP, CO, CO2, O3
|
D72
|
6hr
|
904
|
|
Tavg3d_chm_p
|
Time
averaged 3D chemical state on pressure coordinates
|
LWI, PS, CO, CO2, O3
|
D26
|
3 hr
|
248
|
|
Tavg2d_chm_x
|
Time
averaged 2D chemical state, single level/vertical average
|
LWI, SCO, TCO, SCO2, TCO2, SO3,
TTO3, TO3 (includes production/ loss terms)
|
D
|
3 hr
|
20
|
|
Inst3d_aer_v
|
Instantaneous
3D aerosol state on LCV coordinates
|
LWI, PS, DELP, RH, DU(5), SS(5), SO(4), BC(2), OC(2)
|
D72
|
6hr
|
4264
|
|
Tavg3d_aer_p
|
Time
averaged 3D aerosol concentration on pressure coordinates
|
LWI, PS, DU, SS,
SO4, SO2, BC, OC
|
D26
|
3 hr
|
976
|
|
Tavg2d_aer_x
|
Time average
2D aerosol diagnostics
|
Many (100+): AOT,
surface/column mass, production & loss terms
|
D
|
3 hr
|
328
|
|
Inst2d_hwl_x
|
Instantaneous
2D fields for Hyperwall
|
SLP, H500, DUAOT, SSAOT, BCAOT,
OCAOT, SO4AOT, SCO, SCO2,SSO2, TCO, TCO2,TTO3, TO3, TSO2
|
D
|
1 hr
|
44
|
Below are
the variables that are output into each inst file. These are
instantaneous fields (no time averaging). The approximate size of each file
below is determined by the following:
A x B x C x D x E = bytes/file
where:
A: X-Dimension
B: Y-Dimension
C: Vertical
dimension
D: Number of fields in file
E: Number of bytes
per floating point number
The method
for calculating sizes is the same in 6.1 and 6.2.
NOTE: All
HDF variable names are UPPERCASE.
Italicized sizes in ( ) are estimates of the compressed file size, which
will vary from day to day.
·
inst3d_met_p
(1 time per file, 8 files per day: 00, 03, 06, 09, 12, 15, 18, 21 GMT)
Description:
3D meteorological state, instantaneous on pressure coordinates
Dimensions:
longitude: 540
latitude: 361
vertical pressure levels: 26
Number
of 3D variables: 8
Number
of 2D variables: 10
Size:
168 MB (84 MB)
Size/day: 1344 MB (672 MB)
|
Variable Name
|
Description
|
Units
|
|
H
|
Geopotential
height
|
m
|
|
EPV
|
Ertel Potential vorticity
|
m2kg-1s-1
|
|
OMEGA
|
Vertical velocity
|
Pa s-1
|
|
QV
|
Specific
humidity
|
kg kg-1
|
|
RH
|
Relative humidity
|
percent
|
|
T
|
Air
temperature
|
K
|
|
U
|
Eastward wind
component
|
m s-1
|
|
V
|
Northward
wind component
|
m s-1
|
|
PS
|
Surface pressure
|
Pa
|
|
SLP
|
Sea-level
pressure
|
Pa
|
|
PHIS
|
Surface
geopotential
|
m2s-2
|
|
TSKIN
|
Skin
temperature
|
K
|
|
U10M
|
Eastward
(zonal) wind at 10 m above displacement height
|
m s-1
|
|
V10M
|
Meridional
(zonal) wind at 10 m above displacement height
|
m s-1
|
|
T10M
|
Temperature
interpolated to 10 m above the displacement height
|
K
|
|
QV10M
|
Specific
humidity interpolated to 10 m above the displacement height
|
kg kg-1
|
|
T2M
|
Temperature
interpolated to 2 m above the displacement height
|
K
|
|
QV2M
|
Specific
humidity interpolated to 2 m above the displacement height
|
kg kg-1
|
·
tavg2d_met_x
(1 file per time, 8 files per day: 01:30, 04:30, 07:30, 10:30, 13:30, 16:30,
19:30, 22:30 GMT)
Description:
Time averaged 2D miscellaneous fields,
single-level/vertical average
Dimensions:
longitude: 540
latitude: 361
Number
of 2D variables: 21
Size:
17 MB (8.5MB)
Size/day:
136 MB (68 MB)
|
Variable Name
|
Description
|
Units
|
|
PS
|
Surface pressure
|
Pa
|
|
SLP
|
Sea-level
pressure
|
Pa
|
|
PHIS
|
Surface
geopoptential
|
m2s-2
|
|
CAPE
|
Convective
Available Potential Energy
|
J m-2
|
|
CLDHGH
|
High-level
(above 400 hPa) cloud fraction
|
fraction
|
|
CLDLOW
|
Low-level
(1000-700 hPa) cloud fraction
|
fraction
|
|
CLDMID
|
Mid-level
(700-400 hPa) cloud fraction
|
fraction
|
|
CLDTOT
|
Total cloud
fraction
|
fraction
|
|
PBLH
|
Planetary
boundary layer height
|
m
|
|
DISPH
|
Displacement
height
|
m
|
|
PRECANV
|
Surface
precipitation flux from anvils
|
kg m-2
s-1
|
|
PRECCON
|
Surface
precipitation flux from convection
|
kg m-2
s-1
|
|
PRECLSC
|
Surface
precipitation flux from large-scale
|
kg m-2
s-1
|
|
PRECSNO
|
Surface
snowfall flux
|
kg m-2
s-1
|
|
PRECTOT
|
Total
surface precipitation flux
|
kg m-2
s-1
|
|
TPW
|
Total
precipitable water
|
kg m-2
|
|
TROPP
|
Tropopause
pressure
|
Pa
|
|
TROPQ
|
Tropopause
specific humidity
|
kg kg-1
|
|
TROPT
|
Tropopause
temperature
|
K
|
·
tavg3d_chm_p
(1 file per time, 8 files per day: 01:30, 04:30, 07:30, 10:30, 13:30, 16:30,
19:30, 22:30 GMT)
Description:
Time averaged 3D chemical state on pressure
coordinates
Dimensions:
longitude: 540
latitude: 361
vertical pressure levels: 26
Number
of 2D variables: 2
Number
of 3D variables: 3
Size:
62 MB (31MB)
Size/day: 496 MB (248 MB)
|
Variable Name
|
Description
|
Units
|
|
LWI
|
Land-Water-Ice
mask
|
none
|
|
PS
|
Surface pressure (2D)
|
Pa
|
|
CO
|
Carbon
monoxide volume mixing ratio
|
kg kg-1
|
|
CO2
|
Carbon
dioxide volume mixing ratio
|
kg kg-1
|
|
O3
|
Ozone mass
mixing ratio
|
kg kg-1
|
|
|
|
|
·
tavg2d_chm_x
(1 file per time, 8 files per day: 01:30, 04:30, 07:30, 10:30, 13:30, 16:30,
19:30, 22:30 GMT)
Description:
Time averaged 2D chemical state, single
level/vertical average
Dimensions:
longitude: 540
latitude: 361
Number
of 2D variables: 12
Size:
5 MB (5 MB)
Size/day: 40 MB (40 MB)
|
Variable Name
|
Description
|
Units
|
|
SCO
|
Surface Carbon Monoxide
|
kg m-2
|
|
SCO2
|
Surface Carbon Dioxide
|
kg m-2
|
|
TTO3
|
Total Tropospheric Ozone
|
Dobson
|
|
TO3
|
Total Column Ozone
|
Dobson
|
|
TCO
|
Carbon
Monoxide Column Burden
|
kg m-2
|
|
TCO2
|
Carbon Dioxide
Column Burden
|
kg m-2
|
|
COEMIS
|
CO Emission
|
kg m-2 s-1
|
|
COPROD
|
CO Chemical Production
|
kg m-2 s-1
|
|
COLOSS
|
CO Chemical Loss
|
kg m-2 s-1
|
|
CO2EMIS
|
CO2 Emission
|
kg m-2 s-1
|
|
CO2PROD
|
CO2 Chemical Production
|
kg m-2 s-1
|
|
CO2LOSS
|
CO2 Chemical Loss
|
kg m-2 s-1
|
|
|
|
|
·
tavg3d_aer_p
(1 file per time, 8 files per day: 01:30, 04:30, 07:30, 10:30, 13:30, 16:30,
19:30, 22:30 GMT)
Description:
Time averaged 3D aerosol state on pressure
coordinates
Dimensions:
longitude: 540
latitude: 361
vertical pressure levels: 26
Number
of 2D variables: 2
Number
of 3D variables: 6
Size:
122 MB ( 61 MB)
Size/day: 976 MB (488 MB)
|
Variable Name
|
Description
|
Units
|
|
LWI
|
Land-Water-Ice
mask
|
none
|
|
PS
|
Surface pressure (2D)
|
Pa
|
|
DU
|
Dust Mass
Mixing Ratio
|
kg/kg
|
|
SS
|
Seasalt Mass
Mixing Ratio
|
kg/kg
|
|
BC
|
Black Carbon Mass Mixing Ratio
|
kg/kg
|
|
OC
|
Organic Carbon Mass Mixing Ratio
|
kg/kg
|
|
SO2
|
SO2 Aerosol Mass Mixing Ratio
|
kg/kg
|
|
SO4
|
SO4 Aerosol Mass Mixing Ratio
|
kg/kg
|
|
|
|
|
·
tavg2d_aer_x
(1 file per time, 8 files per day: 01:30, 04:30, 07:30, 10:30, 13:30, 16:30,
19:30, 22:30 GMT)
Description:
Time averaged 2D miscellaneous aerosol fields,
single level/vertical average
Dimensions:
longitude: 540
latitude: 361
vertical layers (lcv): 109
Number
of 2D variables:
Size:
85 MB (43 MB)
Size/day: 680 MB (335 MB)
|
Variable Name
|
Description
|
Units
|
|
CLDTOT
|
Total cloud cover
|
fraction
|
|
GWETTOP
|
Top soil layer wetness
|
fraction
|
|
H500
|
500 hPa Geopotential height
|
m
|
|
LWI
|
Surface
type flag
|
flag
|
|
PBLH
|
Planetary boundary layer height
|
m
|
|
PRECTOT
|
Total precipitation rate
|
mm/day
|
|
SLP
|
Sea level pressure
|
Pa
|
|
TQV
|
Total precipitable water
|
kg/m2
|
|
DUEM001
|
Dust Emission
Bin 1
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUEM002
|
Dust Emission
Bin 2
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUEM003
|
Dust Emission
Bin 3
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUEM004
|
Dust Emission
Bin 4
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUEM005
|
Dust Emission
Bin 5
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUSD001
|
Dust
Sedimentation Bin 1
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUSD002
|
Dust
Sedimentation Bin 2
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUSD003
|
Dust Sedimentation
Bin 3
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUSD004
|
Dust
Sedimentation Bin 4
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUSD005
|
Dust
Sedimentation Bin 5
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUDP001
|
Dust Dry
Deposition Bin 1
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUDP002
|
Dust Dry
Deposition Bin 2
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUDP003
|
Dust Dry
Deposition Bin 3
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUDP004
|
Dust Dry Deposition Bin 4
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUDP005
|
Dust Dry Deposition Bin 5
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUWT001
|
Dust Wet Deposition Bin 1
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUWT002
|
Dust Wet
Deposition Bin 2
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUWT003
|
Dust Wet
Deposition Bin 3
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUWT004
|
Dust Wet
Deposition Bin 4
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUWT005
|
Dust Wet
Deposition Bin 5
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
DUSMASS
|
Dust Surface Mass Concentration
|
kg/m3
|
|
DUCMASS
|
Dust Column Mass Density
|
kg/m2
|
|
DUEXTTAU
|
Dust Extinction AOT 550 nm
|
unitless
|
|
DUSCATAU
|
Dust Scattering AOT 550 nm
|
unitless
|
|
DUAERIDX
|
Dust TOMS UV Aerosol Index
|
unitless
|
|
DUSMASS25
|
Dust Surface Mass Concentration (PM 2.5)
|
kg/m3
|
|
DUCMASS25
|
Dust Column Mass Density (PM 2.5)
|
kg/m2
|
|
DUEXTT25
|
Dust Extinction AOT 550 nm (PM 2.5)
|
unitless
|
|
DUSCAT25
|
Dust Scattering
AOT 550 nm (PM 2.5)
|
unitless
|
|
SSEM001
|
Seasalt Emission Bin 1
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSEM002
|
Seasalt
Emission Bin 2
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSEM003
|
Seasalt
Emission Bin 3
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSEM004
|
Seasalt
Emission Bin 4
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSEM005
|
Seasalt
Emission Bin 5
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSSD001
|
Seasalt
Sedimentation Bin 1
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSSD002
|
Seasalt
Sedimentation Bin 2
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSSD003
|
Seasalt
Sedimentation Bin 3
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSSD004
|
Seasalt
Sedimentation Bin 4
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSSD005
|
Seasalt
Sedimentation Bin 5
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSDP001
|
Seasalt Dry Deposition Bin 1
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSDP002
|
Seasalt Dry Deposition Bin 2
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSDP003
|
Seasalt Dry Deposition Bin 3
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSDP004
|
Seasalt Dry Deposition Bin 4
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSDP005
|
Seasalt Dry Deposition Bin 5
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSWT001
|
Seasalt Wet
Deposition Bin 1
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSWT002
|
Seasalt Wet
Deposition Bin 2
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSWT003
|
Seasalt Wet
Deposition Bin 3
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSWT004
|
Seasalt Wet
Deposition Bin 4
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSWT005
|
Seasalt Wet
Deposition Bin 5
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SSSMASS
|
Seasalt Surface Mass Concentration
|
kg/m3
|
|
SSCMASS
|
Seasalt Column Mass Density
|
kg/m2
|
|
SSEXTTAU
|
Seasalt Extinction AOT 550 nm
|
unitless
|
|
SSSCATAU
|
Seasalt Scattering AOT 550 nm
|
unitless
|
|
SSSMASS25
|
Seasalt Surface Mass Concentration (PM 2.5)
|
kg/m3
|
|
SSCMASS25
|
Seasalt Column Mass
Density (PM 2.5)
|
kg/m2
|
|
SSEXTT25
|
Seasalt
Extinction AOT 550 nm (PM 2.5)
|
unitless
|
|
SSSCAT25
|
Seasalt Scattering AOT 550 nm (PM 2.5)
|
unitless
|
|
BCEM001
|
Black Carbon Emission Bin 1
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
BCEM002
|
Black Carbon Emission Bin 2
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
BCDP001
|
Black Carbon Deposition Bin 1
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
BCDP002
|
Black Carbon Deposition Bin 2
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
BCWT001
|
Black Carbon Wet Deposition Bin 1
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
BCWT002
|
Black Carbon Wet Deposition Bin 2
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
BCSMASS
|
Black Carbon Surface Mass Concentration
|
kg/m3
|
|
BCCMASS
|
Black Carbon Column Mass Density
|
kg/m2
|
|
BCEXTTAU
|
Black Carbon Extinction AOT 550 nm
|
unitless
|
|
BCSCATAU
|
Black Carbon Scattering AOT 550 nm
|
unitless
|
|
OCEM001
|
Organic Carbon Emission Bin 1
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
OCEM002
|
Organic Carbon
Emission Bin 2
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
OCDP001
|
Organic Carbon
Deposition Bin 1
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
OCDP002
|
Organic Carbon Deposition Bin 2
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
OCWT001
|
Organic Carbon Wet Deposition Bin 1
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
OCWT002
|
Organic Carbon Wet Deposition Bin 2
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
OCSMASS
|
Organic Carbon Surface Mass Concentration
|
kg/m3
|
|
OCCMASS
|
Organic Carbon Column Mass Density
|
kg/m2
|
|
OCEXTTAU
|
Organic Carbon Extinction AOT 550 nm
|
unitless
|
|
OCSCATAU
|
Organic Carbon Scattering AOT 550 nm
|
unitless
|
|
SUEM001
|
Sulfate Emission Bin 1
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SUEM002
|
Sulfate
Emission Bin 2
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SUEM003
|
Sulfate
Emission Bin 3
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SUEM004
|
Sulfate
Emission Bin 4
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SUDP001
|
Sulfate
Deposition Bin 1
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SUDP002
|
Sulfate
Deposition Bin 2
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SUDP003
|
Sulfate
Deposition Bin 3
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SUDP004
|
Sulfate
Deposition Bin 4
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SUWT001
|
Sulfate Wet
Deposition Bin 1
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SUWT002
|
Sulfate Wet
Deposition Bin 2
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SUWT003
|
Sulfate Wet
Deposition Bin 3
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SUWT004
|
Sulfate Wet Deposition Bin 4
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SO2SMASS
|
SO2 Surface Mass Concentration
|
kg/m3
|
|
SO2CMASS
|
SO2 Column Mass Density
|
kg/m2
|
|
SO4SMASS
|
SO4 Surface Mass Concentration
|
kg/m3
|
|
SO4CMASS
|
SO4 Column Mass Density
|
kg/m2
|
|
DMSSMASS
|
SO2 Surface Mass Concentration
|
kg/m3
|
|
DMSCMASS
|
SO2 Column Mass Density
|
kg/m2
|
|
SUPSO2
|
SO2 Production from DMS Oxidation column integrated
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SUPSO4g
|
SO4 Production from gas-phase SO2 Oxidation column
integrated
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SUPSO4aq
|
SO4 Production from aqueous SO2 Oxidation (column)
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SUPMSA
|
MSA Production from DMS Oxidation column integrated
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SUPSO4wt
|
SO4 Production from aqueous SO2 Oxidation (wet
dep) column integrated
|
kg/m2/s
|
|
SUEXTAU
|
SO4 Extinction AOT 550 nm
|
unitless
|
|
SUSCATAU
|
SO4 Scattering AOT 550 nm
|
unitless
|
|
|
|
|
·
tinst2d_hwl_x
(1 file per time, 24 files per day: 00, 01, 02, …, 23 GMT)
Description:
Instantaneous 2D fields for Hyperwall, single
level/vertical average
Dimensions:
longitude: 540
latitude: 361
Number
of 2D variables: 14
Size:
11 MB ( 5.5 MB)
Size/day: 264 MB ( 132 MB)
|
Variable Name
|
Description
|
Units
|
|
H500
|
500 hPa Geopotential height
|
m
|
|
SLP
|
Sea level pressure
|
Pa
|
|
PRECTOT
|
Total surface precipitation
flux
|
kg m-2 s-1
|
|
DUAOT
|
Dust Extinction AOT 550 nm
|
none
|
|
SSAOT
|
Seasalt Extinction AOT 550 nm
|
none
|
|
BCAOT
|
Black Carbon Extinction AOT 550 nm
|
none
|
|
OCAOT
|
Organic Carbon Extinction AOT 550 nm
|
none
|
|
SO4AOT
|
SO4 Extinction AOT 550 nm
|
none
|
|
SCO
|
Surface Carbon Monoxide
|
kg m-2
|
|
SCO2
|
Surface Carbon Dioxide
|
kg m-2
|
|
SSO2
|
Surface SO2
|
kg m-2
|
|
TTO3
|
Total Tropospheric Column Ozone
|
Dobson
|
|
TO3
|
Total Column Ozone
|
Dobson
|
|
TCO
|
Carbon
Monoxide Column Burden
|
kg/m2
|
|
TCO2
|
Carbon Dioxide
Column Burden
|
kg/m2
|
|
TSO2
|
SO2 Column Burden
|
kg/m2
|
|
|
|
|
·
inst3d_met_p
(1 time per file, 8 files per day: 00, 03, 06, 09, 12, 15, 18, 21 GMT)
Description:
3D meteorological state, instantaneous on pressure coordinates
Dimensions:
longitude: 1080
latitude: 721
levels: 26
(pressure)
Number
of 3D variables: 8
Number
of 2D variables: 10
Size:
824 MB (412 MB)
Size/day:
6592 MB (3296 MB)
|
Variable Name
|
Description
|
Units
|
|
|
Same
variables as inst3d_met_p in section 6.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
·
tavg2d_met_x
(1 file per time, 8 files per day: 01:30, 04:30, 07:30, 10:30, 13:30, 16:30,
19:30, 22:30 GMT)
Description:
Time averaged 2D miscellaneous fields,
single-level/vertical average
Dimensions:
longitude: 1080
latitude: 721
Number
of 2D variables: 21
Size:
63 MB ( 31.5 MB)
Size/day:
504 MB (252 MB)
|
Variable Name
|
Description
|
Units
|
|
|
Same
variables as tavg2d_met_x in section 6.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
The GMAO will continue producing its standard data products
as described in the File Specification for GEOS-5 DAS Gridded Output.
All the quantities listed in that document will be made available in the
OpenDAP server http://opendap.gsfc.nasa.gov:9090/dods/GEOS-5/TC4.
However, the individual datasets will not contain the additional HDF-EOS
metadata described in the GEOS-5 FileSpec document.
·
inst3d_chm_v
(1 file per time, 4 files per day: 00, 06, 12 and 18 GMT)
Description:
Instantaneous 3D chemical state on LCV coordinates
Dimensions:
longitude: 540
latitude: 361
layers : 72 (lcv)
Number
of 2D variables: 2
Number
of 3D variables: 4
Size:
226 MB (113 MB)
Size/day:
1808 MB (904 MB)
|
Variable Name
|
Description
|
Units
|
|
LWI
|
Land-Water-Ice
mask
|
none
|
|
PS
|
Surface pressure (2D)
|
Pa
|
|
DELP
|
Pressure
difference between layer edges
|
Pa
|
|
CO
|
Carbon
monoxide volume mixing ratio
|
mol/mol
|
|
CO2
|
Carbon
dioxide volume mixing ratio
|
mol/mol
|
|
O3
|
Ozone mass
mixing ratio
|
kg kg-1
|
|
|
|
|
·
tavg3d_chm_p
(1 file per time, 8 files per day: 01:30, 04:30, 07:30, 10:30, 13:30, 16:30,
19:30, 22:30 GMT)
Description:
Time averaged 3D chemical state on pressure
coordinates
Dimensions:
longitude: 540
latitude: 361
levels: 26 (pressure)
Number
of 2D variables: 2
Number
of 3D variables: 3
Size:
62 MB (31 MB)
Size/day:
496 MB (248 MB)
|
Variable Name
|
Description
|
Units
|
|
|
Same
variables as tavg3d_chm_p in section 6.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
·
tavg2d_chm_x
(1 file per time, 8 files per day: 01:30, 04:30, 07:30, 10:30, 13:30, 16:30,
19:30, 22:30 GMT)
Description:
Time averaged 2D chemical state, single
level/vertical average
Dimensions:
longitude: 540
latitude: 361
Number
of 2D variables: 6
Size:
5 MB (2.5 MB)
Size/day:
40 MB (20 MB)
|
Variable Name
|
Description
|
Units
|
|
|
Same
variables as tavg2d_chm_x in section 6.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
·
inst3d_aer_v
(1 file per time, 4 files per day: 00, 06, 12 and 18 GMT)
Description:
Instantaneous 3D aerosol state on LCV coordinates
Dimensions:
longitude: 540
latitude: 361
layers: 72 (lcv)
Number
of 2D variables: 3
Number
of 3D variables: 19
Size:
1066 MB (533 MB)
Size/day:
8528 MB (4264 MB)
|
Variable Name
|
Description
|
Units
|
|
LWI
|
Land-Water-Ice
mask
|
None
|
|
PS
|
Surface pressure (2D)
|
Pa
|
|
DELP
|
Pressure
difference between layer edges
|
Pa
|
|
RH
|
Relative humidity
|
percent
|
|
DU001
|
Dust mass mixing ratio – Bin 001
|
kg kg-1
|
|
DU002
|
Dust mass mixing ratio – Bin 002
|
kg kg-1
|
|
DU003
|
Dust mass mixing ratio – Bin 003
|
kg kg-1
|
|
DU004
|
Dust mass mixing ratio – Bin 004
|
kg kg-1
|
|
DU005
|
Dust mass mixing ratio – Bin 005
|
kg kg-1
|
|
SS001
|
Sea salt
mass mixing ratio – Bin 001
|
kg kg-1
|
|
SS002
|
Sea salt mass mixing ratio – Bin 002
|
kg kg-1
|
|
SS003
|
Sea salt mass mixing ratio – Bin 003
|
kg kg-1
|
|
SS004
|
Sea salt mass mixing ratio – Bin 004
|
kg kg-1
|
|
SS005
|
Sea salt mass mixing ratio – Bin 005
|
kg kg-1
|
|
DMS
|
Dimethylsulphide
|
kg kg-1
|
|
SO2
|
Sulphur dioxide
|
kg kg-1
|
|
SO4
|
Sulphate
aerosol
|
kg kg-1
|
|
MSA
|
Methanesulphonic
acid
|
kg kg-1
|
|
BCphobic
|
Hydrophobic
Black Carbon
|
kg kg-1
|
|
BCphilic
|
Hydrophilic Black Carbon
|
kg kg-1
|
|
OCphobic
|
Hydrophobic
Organic Carbon (Particulate Matter)
|
kg kg-1
|
|
OCphilic
|
Hydrophilic
Organic Carbon (Particulate Matter)
|
kg kg-1
|
|
|
|
|
·
tavg3d_aer_p (1 file per time, 8 files per day: 01:30, 04:30,
07:30, 10:30, 13:30, 16:30, 19:30, 22:30 GMT)
Description:
Time averaged 3D aerosol concentration on pressure
coordinates
Dimensions:
longitude: 540
latitude: 361
levels: 26 (pressure)
Number
of 2D variables: 2
Number
of 3D variables: 6
Size:
122 MB (61 MB)
Size/day:
976 MB (488 MB)
|
Variable Name
|
Description
|
Units
|
|
|
Same
variables as tavg3d_aer_p in section 6.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
·
tavg2d_aer_x
(1 file per time, 8 files per day: 01:30, 04:30, 07:30, 10:30, 13:30, 16:30,
19:30, 22:30 GMT)
Description: Time average 2D aerosol diagnostics
Dimensions:
longitude: 540
latitude: 361
Number
of 2D variables: 102
Size:
82 MB (41 MB)
Size/day:
656 MB (328 MB)
|
Variable Name
|
Description
|
Units
|
|
|
Same
variables as tavg2d_aer_x in section 6.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
·
tavg2d_hwl_x
(1 file per time, 24 files per day: 00, 01, 02, …, 23 GMT)
Description:
Instantaneous 2D fields for Hyperwall, single
level/vertical average
Dimensions:
longitude: 540
latitude: 361
Number
of 2D variables: 14
Size:
11 MB (5.5 MB)
Size/day: 88 MB (44 MB)
|
Variable Name
|
Description
|
Units
|
|
|
Same
variables as tavg2d_hwl_x in section 6.3
|
|
|
|
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Operational Assimilation: Atmospheric
observations from satellites, balloons, aircraft, ships, and other sources are
grouped into six-hour data windows and processed by the atmospheric analysis
four times each day. The operational analysis will run approximately 12 hours
after the 4 analysis times (0Z, 6Z, 12Z, 18Z). It will run using whatever
conventional and satellite observations are available at the data cut-off
time. Products produced from this and
any other assimilation are a
combination of output from the statistical analysis system and a short GCM
forecast.
Forecast/Simulation: This is a GCM
forecast, with no insertion of atmospheric data via the analysis. The only
outside data that enters the system are the boundary conditions, i.e., sea
surface temperature and sea-ice concentration. Five-day forecasts are typically
generated to support NASA field campaigns and to assess assimilation and
forecast skill. Multi-year simulations are produced to investigate the climatology
of the GCM. GMAO forecast products are not distributed to ECS and file formats
are not discussed in this document.
Reprocessing: The GMAO may reprocess
specified time periods since EOS-Terra launch using a recent version of the
GEOS DAS software to support instrument team reprocessing requirements. It is expected that new ECS ESDTs will be
generated for each reprocessing run.
Reanalysis: The GMAO will occasionally run reanalysis
experiments. Reanalysis is the same as reprocessing except the time period is
often much longer and not necessarily part of the EOS period. Reanalysis
experiments are often run using baseline versions of the GEOS DAS system to
support a wide variety of research activities internal and external to the
GMAO. Unique ESDTs will be generated for any reanalysis data distributed
through GES DAAC.
E.1: 3D Variables
CLOUD: The
horizontal fractional cloud cover for each layer. In the vertical, clouds are
assumed to fill the layer. This fraction is the combination of the model’s
predicted large-scale and convective fractions that is used for radiative
purposes. See CLDTOT
for a description of how these fractions are overlapped in the radiation
calculations.
CMFMC: The total vertical convective mass flux through levels
between model layers (edges), in kg m-2 s-1. This
is produced by the convection parameterization (RAS) and it includes the mass
flux due to all cloud types crossing the level.
DELP: Pressure thickness of model layers, in Pa. See PLE. The layer mass is DELP /
9.81 kg m-2.
DQRCON, DQRLSC: The layer production rate of precipitating condensate from convective
and large-scale processes per unit horizontal area, in kg m-2 s-1
Includes both liquid and frozen precipitating condensate, but not the
production cloud condensates.
DQVDTMST, DQLDTMST, DQIDTMST: Tendency of
vapor, liquid and ice water due to moist processes, in kg kg-1 s-1.
This includes the effects of the convection parameterization (RAS) and all
other effects from the cloud microphysics and large scale and anvil
precipitation schemes.
DQVDTDYN: Tendency of water vapor due to
resolved dynamics, in kg kg-1 s-1.
DQVDTTRB: Tendency
of water vapor due to turbulence, including surface evaporation,
in kg kg-1 s-1.
DTDTDYN: Temperature tendency due to dynamics, including the spurious frictional
dissipation of kinetic energy by numerical processes.
DTDTFRI: Temperature tendency due to the frictional dissipation of kinetic
energy by turbulence, including surface friction, in K s-1. It does not include dissipation from
gravity wave drag or the implicit dissipation in the model’s dynamics.
DTDTGWD: Temperature tendency due to the frictional
dissipation of kinetic energy by gravity wave drag, in K s-1.
DTDTLWR, DTDTLWRCLR: Temperature tendency due to terrestrial
(longwave) radiation for all-sky and clear-sky conditions, in K s-1.
DTDTMST: Temperature tendency due to terrestrial (longwave) radiation, in K
s-1.
DTDTSWR, DTDTSWRCLR: Temperature tendency due to solar (shortwave)
radiation for all-sky and clear-sky conditions, in K s-1.
DTDTTOT: The total diabatic temperature
tendency for the model layers, in K s-1 . It is the same as the sum DTDTFRI+DTDTGWD+DTDTLWR+DTDTSWR+DTDTMST+DTDTTRB,
and in the lon-term mean should balance DTDTDYN.
DTDTTRB: Temperature tendency due to turbulence, including surface sensible heat
flux, but not including the heating due to frictional dissipation (see DTDTFRI), in K
s-1. Above the
surface it includes the diffusive effects due to the Louis and Lock turbulence
schemes (see KH).
DTRAIN: Mass flux detrained at cloud top from each
convective cloud type in RAS, the model’s convection parameterization, in kg m-2 s-1.
DUDTDYN, DVDTDYN: Eastward (zonal) and
northward (meridional) wind tendency due to dynamics, in m s-2.
DUDTGWD, DVDTGWD: Eastward (zonal) and
northward (meridional) wind tendencies due to gravity wave drag, in m s-2.
DUDTMST, DVDTMST: Eastward (zonal) and
northward (meridional) wind tendencies due to moist processes, in m s-2.
Currently this represents the “cumulus friction” effect of mixing momentum in a
conservative way, using the convective mass fluxes from RAS.
DUDTTRB, DVDTTRB: Eastward (zonal) and
northward (meridional) wind tendencies due to turbulent processes, in m s-2.
This includes surface friction. Above the surface, it includes the diffusive
effects due to the Louis and Lock turbulence schemes (see KM).
HGHT: Geopotential height at
the layer centers, in m. It is simply the average of HGHTE at the layer’s bounding edges.
HGHTE:
Geopotential height at the layer edges, in m. At the surface (LM+1)
it is set to PHIS/g.
Above the surface 
PHIS + cP
, where 
is the difference in 
at the lower and upper edges of layer 
, and 
is the virtual
potential temperature,
KH,
KM : Turbulent
diffusivity for heat and other scalars and for momentum (U and V), in m2
s -1. This is defined at the layer edges, beginning at the top,
where it is zero. At the surface (LM+1) it is set ….. It includes
the diffusive effects due to the Louis and Lock turbulence schemes.
MFXC, MFYC: The eastward and
northward layer mass fluxes on the C-Grid, in Pa m2 s-1.
MF[X,Y]C = 
, where U and V are the C-grid velocity
components, a is the earth’s
radius, and 
are the meridional and zonal
grid spacings at the appropriate C-grid locations, in meters.
MFZ: The vertical component of the
large-scale mass flux at the lcv edges, in kg m-2 s-1.
Together with MFXC, MFYC, and PS, these satisfy the continuity
equation 
OMEGA: The kinematic vertical pressure
velocity estimated by the Finite-Volume dynamics. It is defined for the layers,
not the edges. For layer , it is discretized vertically as 
, where the pressure is defined at the layer edges and the
overbar indicates the average of the layer’s upper and lower edges.
PL: The layer pressure defined as the average of the upper and lower edge
pressures, PLE,
in Pa (see DELP).
PLE: The time-averaged pressure at the upper edge of a layer. PLE = PS + 
DELP 
. This
is the preferred way of obtaining edge pressures in lcv-coordinates, rather
than relying on the model’s hybrid-sigma coordinate system (i.e., the AKs and BKs), which may change in future releases.
PV: A modified Ertel’s potential
vorticity, approximated as 
, in m2 kg-1
sec-1. Here
is the vertical component of relative vorticity,
is the Coriolis parameter, and is the virtual
potential temperature. Note the definition in terms of entropy instead
of potential temperature and the neglect of the part associated with the
horizontal components of vorticity.
TAUCLI, TAUCLW: Each layer’s total
cloud optical thickness in the visible (0.40 to 0.69 micron band), for ice
clouds and liquid water clouds, respectively.
E.2: 2D Variables
ALBEDO: The time-averaged surface albedo defined as
the ratio of the time-averaged incident and reflected fluxes and should satisfy
ALBEDO = SWGDWN/(SWGDWN-SWGNET).
At night points, this is set to _FillValue.
ALBVISDF,
ALBVISDR, ALBNIRDF, ALBNIRDR: The direct (beam) and diffuse albedos
for the “visible” (the GCM uses the same albedos for the UV and the PAR
spectral regions––0.175 to 0.69 microns) and the “near-infrared” (0.69 to 3.85
microns). These are simply time-averaged
surface properties, but are defined only where there was daylight at the point
during the averaging interval. They do not correspond to the ratios of
time-averaged incident and reflected fluxes.
BSTAR: The buoyancy scale of the surface
layer in m s-2. It is defined as 
, where 
is the near-surface
air density (RHOA)
and 
the near-surface air
temperature, 
is the friction velocity (USTAR), and 
is the surface flux of virtual dry static energy in W m-2,
(HFLUX + 
EFLUX).
CLDHGH, CLDMID, CLDLOW, CLDTOT: High, middle, low, and total cloudiness.
The high, middle, low-level values correspond to the three superlayers used in
the GEOS-5 solar and terrestrial radiation parameterizations. Clouds within
these superlayers are assumed to be maximally overlapped. High clouds are those
occurring above roughly 400 hPa and low clouds are those occurring below 700
hPa, although the groupings are done ion the model’s terrain following
coordinate and so the bounding pressures will differ significantly from these
values over high topography. The model assumes that the overlapped between the
superlayers is random, and the total cloudiness uses this assumption. The total
cloudiness is computed each time the radiation is called, and so its time mean
cannot be exactly constructed from the time-mean cloudiness in the three super
layers.
DISPH: Surface displacement height in
meters. See the description of the neutral drag coefficient.
DTG: Change in surface
temperature during the averaging interval in deg K. This refers to the
area-mean surface temperature under each atmospheric column, and so, it may
contain contributions from land-, water-, and ice-covered parts of the grid
box.
EFLUX: The upward turbulent flux of latent heat flux
at the surface, in W m-2.
This includes the latent heat relative to liquid of all turbulent moisture
fluxes through the surface (see EVAP).
EMIS:
The surface emissivity. This is a really averaged over all surface tiles
and is constant in time.
EVAP: Evaporation in kg m-2 s-1.
Actually the total turbulent flux of water vapor at the surface, including
fluxes from transpiration, sublimation, and surface condensation. The turbulent
flux of could condensate (fog) is assumed to be zero. .
FRLAKE, FRLAND, FRLANDICE, FROCEAN: GEOS-5 uses these four primary surface types
and these are their fractions under each atmospheric column.
GRN: The “greenness” or
fraction transpiring leaves averaged over the land areas of a grid box. If
there are several vegetation tiles within the land part of a grid box, the
average is LAI weighted. GRN is set to _FillValue where
FRLAND = 0.
GWETROOT, GWETTOP: The degree of saturation or
“wetness” in the root-zone (top meter of soil) and top soil layer (top 2 cm).
These are defined as the ratio of the volumetric soil moisture to the porosity.
These quantities are set to _FillValue where
FRLAND = 0.
Elsewhere they are time-mean and area-mean values of the ratio over the land
part of the grid box.
HFLUX: The upward turbulent sensible heat flux at the
surface, in W m-2.
LAI: The a real average of the leaf-area index over all land parts of
a grid box. LAI is set to _FillValue where FRLAND = 0.
LWGDWN, LWGDWNCLR: The all-sky and cloud-free
fluxes of downwelling terrestrial (longwave) radiation at the surface in W m-2.
LWGNET: The net downward flux of terrestrial
(longwave) radiation at the surface in W m-2. This is identical to LWGDWN- LWGUP.
LWGUP: The all-sky upwelling terrestrial
(longwave) radiation at the surface, in W m-2. This includes both
the surface emission and the reflection..
LWI: A Land-Water-Ice mask provided for backward compatibility with
the GEOS-4 product. It is 1 over
continental areas, 0 over open ocean, and 2 over sea-ice covered ocean. Since
in GEOS-5 a grid box can be a combination of these, continental areas are
arbitrarily defined as those where FRLAND+FRLANDICE>=0.5.
The remaining grid boxes are designated as sea-ice if the ice cover exceeds
50%; otherwise they are open (ice-free)
ocean.
LWTUP, LWTUPCLR: Outgoing longwave
(terrestrial) radiation at the top of the model’s atmosphere (currently 0.01
hPa) for all-sky and clear-sky conditions, in W m-2.
PARDF, PARDR: Incident flux of of diffuse
and direct PAR at the surface, in W m-2. PAR is defied as the solar
radiation between 0.4 and 0.69 microns.
PBLH: Height above the surface of the
planetary boundary layer in meters. This is obtained diagnostically at every
time step from the heat diffusivity in the model layers. It is defined as the
height of the lowest layer in which the diffusivity falls below 2 m2 s-1. Where no layer
is above this value, the boundary layer height is set to the height of the surface
layer.
PHIS: The surface geopotential, 
, in m-2 s-2. Here 
is the height of the surface above sea level, and 
m s-2.
PRECANV, PRECLSC, PRECCON: the large-scale
precipitation from anvils, the non-anvil large-scale precipitation, and the
convective precipitation, in kg m-2 s-1. These include
both rainfall and snowfall.
PRECTOT: The total precipitation (PRECANV+PRECLSC+PRECCON) in kg m-2
s-1.
PRECSNO: The “snowfall” includes all frozen
precipitation, in kg m-2 s-1.
PS: The surface pressure in Pa. The height at this pressure can be
obtained from the surface geopotential PHIS. The total
atmospheric mass is 
PS kg m-2.
QV10M, QV2M: The specific humidity at 10 m
and 2m above the displacement height (DISPH) in the surface layer, in kg kg-1.
RHOA: Surface air
density in the lowest model layer, in kg m-3. This is the density
used in bulk formulas.
SLP: The surface pressure reduced to sea level, in Pa. Over topography
the reduction is done by assuming a lapse rate of 6.5 K km-1 from a
free atmospheric temperature, which is currently taken as the lowest model
layer above 150 hPa above the surface.
SNOMAS: The mass of snow in per unit of land
area in meters of liquid-water-equivalent depth (i.e., 103 kg m-2).
In grid boxes with no land (FRLAND+FRLANDICE=0) it is set to _FillValue. Where FRLANDICE>0.9 it is arbitrarily set to 4 meters. Over other land
areas it represents an average over the non-glaciated part.
SNODP: The geometric snow depth in meters.
This accounts for packing and aging of the snow.
SWGDWN, SWGDWNCLR: Incident solar radiation
(0.175 to 3.85 microns) at the surface for all-sky and clear-sky conditions, in
W m-2. Since we do a single atmospheric transfer calculation in a
grid box, we assume the incident diffuse radiation is the same for all land
tiles within the box.
SWGNET, SWGNETCLR: Net downward flux of solar
radiation at the surface averaged over all land tiles for all-sky and clear-sky
conditions, in W m-2.
SWTUP, SWTUPCLR:
The outgoing (reflected) flux of solar radiation at the top of the
model’s atmosphere (currently 0.01 hPa) for all-sky and clear-sky conditions,
in W m-2.
SWTDWN: Incident flux of solar radiation at
the top of the atmosphere, in W m-2.
T10M, T2M: The
air temperature at 10 m and 2m above the displacement height (DISPH) in the
surface layer, in K.
TAUGWX, TAUGWY: The eastward (zonal) and
northward (meridional) components of the atmospheric stress on the surface due
to atmospheric gravity wave drag, in N m-2.
TAUHGH, TAUMID, TAULOW, TAUTOT: Total cloud optical thickness in the 0.40 to
0.69 micron band for the high, middle, and low cloud regions (see CLDHGH) and for the entire column.
TAUX, TAUY: The eastward (zonal) and
northward (meridional) components of the atmospheric frictional stress on the
surface, in N m-2.
TO3 : The vertically integrated ozone, in Dobson
units.
TPW, TQV: The vertically
integrated water vapor in the column, in kg m-2.. These are
synonyms.
TQL,
TQI: The vertically integrated liquid and ice water
in the column, in kg m-2.
TQC: The vertically integrated combined liquid and ice water in the column, in kg m-2.
TROPP: The tropopause pressure in Pa. The
tropopause pressure is defined as the pressure where the function 
reaches its
first minimum above the surface. Here 
and 
is in hPa. If
no minimum is found between 550 hPa and 40 hPa, TROPP is set to _FillValue.
TROPQ: The tropopause specific humidity in kg kg-1.
The tropopause is defined as in TROPP.
TROPT: The tropopause temperature in K. The
tropopause is defined as in TROPP.
TSKIN: The area weighted skin temperature of all surface tiles in
a grid box, in K.
TTO3: The vertically integrated ozone in
the troposphere, in Dobson units. The troposphere is defined as all levels
below TROPP. TTO3 and TROPP are computed at every time step and averaged separately.
U50M, U10M, U2M: The
eastward wind component at 50m, 10 m, and 2m above the displacement height (DISPH) in the
surface layer, in m s-1.
USTAR: The surface friction velocity, 
, in m s-1. This mean quantity is
formed by doing the the areal average over the surface tiles in a grid box
instantaneously to 
, and the time averaging on itself. It is thus not
exactly what would be obtained from TAUX, TAUY, and RHOA.
V50M, V10M, V2M: The
northward wind component at 50m, 10 m, and 2m above the displacement height (DISPH) in the
surface layer, in m s-1.
Z0H: The surface roughness for heat, in m.
Z0M: The dynamic surface roughness, in m.