The U.S. CLIVAR Drought Working Group Data
hosted at the NASA/GSFC Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) FTP Site

Welcome



Submitting Papers to Journal of Climate Special Issue

    1) You can submit manuscript to the AMS Journal of Climate at any time, but you must note that it is for the special "USCLIVAR drought working group" issue when submitting the manuscript.

    2) The deadline to get your papers submitted is June 19 2009.

    3) If you use short-hand notations to refer to the various SST forcing patterns in your paper, we suggest to use the following:

      PcAc: Cold_Pacific + Cold_Atlantic
      PcAn: Cold_Pacific + Neutral_Atlantic
      PcAw: Cold_Pacific + Warm_Atlantic
      PcAwTc: Cold_Pacific + Warm_Atlantic + Cold_Trend
      PcAwTw: Cold_Pacific + Warm_Atlantic + Warm_Trend
      PnAc: Neutral_Pacific + Cold_Atlantic
      PnAn: Climatology/Control Run
      PnAnTc: Neutral_Pacific + Neutral_Atlantic + Cold_Trend
      PnAnTw: Neutral_Pacific + Neutral_Atlantic + Warm_Trend
      PnAw: Neutral_Pacific + Warm_Atlantic
      PntAc: Neutral_Pacific + Cold_Tropical_Atlantic
      PntAw: Neutral_Pacific + Warm_Tropical_Atlantic
      PwAc: Warm_Pacific + Cold_Atlantic
      PwAcTc: Warm_Pacific + Cold_Atlantic + Cold_Trend
      PwAcTw: Warm_Pacific + Cold_Atlantic + Warm_Trend
      PwAn: Warm_Pacific + Neutral_Atlantic
      PwAw: Warm_Pacific + Warm_Atlantic
      tPcAn: Cold_Tropical_Pacific + Neutral_Atlantic
      tPwAn: Warm_Tropical_Pacific + Neutral_Atlantic
      Uw: Uniform Warming of 0.16K

    4) Model References.

      NASA NSIPP1

        Bacmeister J., P. J. Pegion, S. D. Schubert, and M. J. Suarez, 2000: An atlas of seasonal means simulated by the NSIPP 1 atmospheric GCM. Vol. 17. NASA Tech. Memo. 104606, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 194 pp.

        Schubert, S.D. M.J. Suarez, P.J. Pegion, R. D. Koster, and J.T. Bacmeister, 2004: Causes of long-term drought in the U.S. Great Plains,. J. Climate, 17, 485-503.

      NCEP GFS

      LDEO/NCAR CCM3

        Kiehl, J.T., J.J. Hack, G. Bonan, B.A. Boville, D. Williamson and P. Rasch, 1998. The National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate Model: CCM3. J. Climate, 11, 1131-1149.

        Seager, R., Y. Kushnir, C. Herweijer, N. Naik and J. Velez, 2005: Modeling tropical forcing of persistent droughts and pluvials: 1856-2000. J. Climate, 18, 4068-4091.

      GFDL AM2.1

        Delworth et al., 2006. GFDL's CM2 global coupled climate models - Part 1: Formulation and simulation characteristics, J. Climate, 19, 643-674.

        The GFDL Global Atmospheric Model Development Team, 2004. The New GFDL Global Atmosphere and Land Model AM2-LM2: Evaluation with Prescribed SST Simulations. J. Climate, 17, 4641-4673.

        Milly, P. C. D., and A. B. Shmakin, 2002. Global modeling of land water and energy balances. Part I: The land dynamics (LaD) model. J. Hydrometeorology, 3, 283-299.

      NCAR CAM3.5

        The 3.5 version of CAM is not a release, so there aren't papers documenting its content or performance as there were for CCSM3. However, there are some papers documenting major changes:

        A paper documenting the Neale/Richter changes in the deep convection parameterization:

          Neale, R.B., J.H. Richter, and M. Jochum, 2008: The Impact of Convection on ENSO: From a Delayed Oscillator to a Series of Events. J. Climate, 21,5904-5924.

        Papers on the Land-surface model CLM3.5:

          Oleson, K. W., G.-Y. Niu, Z.-L. Yang, D.M. Lawrence, P. E. Thornton, P. J. Lawrence, R. Stockli, R. E. Dickinson, G. B. Bonan, S. Levis, A. Dai and T. Qian, 2008: Improvements to the Community Land Model and their impact on the hydrological cycle. J. Geophys. Res., 113, G01021, doi:10.1029/2007JG000563.

          Stockli, R., D. M. Lawrence, G.-Y. Niu, K. W. Oleson, P. E. Thornton, Z.-L. Yang, G. B. Bonan, A. S. Denning, and S. W. Running, 2008: Use of FLUXNET in the Community Land Model development, J. Geophys. Res., 113, G01025, doi:10.1029/2007JG000562.

    5) Acknowledgement.

      Please acknowledge the use of the drought working group data by including the following in your documents or publications:

      This work was carried out as part of a U.S. CLIVAR drought working group activity supported by NASA, NOAA, and NSF to coordinate and compare climate model simulations forced with a common set of idealized SST patterns. The authors would like to thank NASA's Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) for making the NSIPP1 runs available, the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University for making their CCM3 runs available, NOAA's Climate Prediction Center (CPC)/Climate Test Bed (CTB) for making the GFS runs available, NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) for making the AM2.1 runs available, the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) for making the CAM3.5 runs available, and the Center for Ocean Land Atmosphere (COLA) and the University of Miami.s Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science for making the CCSM3.0 coupled model runs available.

    6) Current list of expected papers:

      From US CLIVAR Drought Working Group

      1) Siegfried Schubert, and the extended drought working group: A USCLIVAR Project to Assess and Compare the Responses of Global Climate Models to Drought-Related SST Forcing Patterns: Overview and Results. Accepted (pdf).

      2) Kingtse C. Mo, Jae-Kyung E. Schemm and Soo-Hyun Yoo: Influence of ENSO and the Atlantic multi-decadal Oscillation on Drought over the United States. Accepted (pdf).

      3) Randal Koster, Hailan Wang, Siegfried Schubert, Max Suarez and Sarith Mahanama: Drought-Induced warming in the continental United States under different SST regimes. Accepted.

      4) Hailan Wang, Siegfried Schubert, Max Suarez and Randal Koster: The Physical Mechanisms by which the Leading Patterns of SST Variability Impact U.S. Precipitation. Accepted (pdf).

      5) Yochanan Kushnir, Richard Seager, Mingfang Ting, Naomi Naik, and Jennifer Nakamura: Mechanisms of Tropical Atlantic SST Influence on North American Hydroclimate Variability. Submitted (pdf).

      6) Philip Pegion and Arun Kumar: Multi-model Estimates of Atmospheric Response to Modes of SST Variability and Implications for Droughts. Submitted (pdf).

      7) Scott Weaver, Siegfried Schubert and Hailan Wang: Warm Season Variations in the Low-Level Circulation and Precipitation over the Central U.S. in Observations, AMIP Simulations, and Idealized SST Experiments. Accepted (pdf).

      8) Kirsten L. Findell and Thomas L. Delworth: Impact of common sea surface temperature anomalies on global drought and pluvial frequency. Accepted (pdf).

      9) Matias Mendez and Victor Magana: Regional aspects of prolonged meteorological droughts over Mexico. Accepted (pdf).

      10) Alfredo Ruiz-Barradas and Sumant Nigam: AMIP Simulations of 20th Century North American Precipitation Variability by the Drought Working Group Models. Submitted.

      From DRICOMP and other efforts

      1) Alfredo Ruiz-Barradas and Sumant Nigam: Great Plains Precipitation and its SST Links in 20th Century Climate Simulations, and 21st and 22nd Century Climate Projections. Submitted.

      2) Caio Augusto dos Santos Coelho and Lisa Goddard: El Nino-induced tropical droughts in climate change projections. Accepted.

      3) Bradfield Lyon: Southern Africa Summer Drought and Heat Waves: Observations and Coupled Model Behavior. Accepted.

      4) Michela Biasutti, Adam H. Sobel and Suzana J. Camargo: The role of the Sahara Low in summertime Sahel rainfall variability and change in the CMIP3 models. Accepted.

      5) Xiao-Wei Quan, Martin Hoerling, and Jon Eischeid: Early warning indicators for U.S. Drought.

      6) Antonietta Capotondi and Michael Alexander: Relationship between precipitation in the Great Plains of the United States and global SSTs: Insights from the IPCC-AR4 models. Accepted (pdf).

      7) Kerry H. Cook and Edward K. Vizy: Dynamics of the Caribbean low-level jet and its relationship to drought. Accepted.

      8) Sang-Ik Shin, Robert S. Webb and Prashant D. Sardeshmukh: The impacts of tropical SSTs on the Regional Hydroclimate.

      9) Kristopher B. Karnauskas and Antonio J. Busalacchi: The association between low-frequency tropical Pacific SST variability and multiyear North American drought in 22 coupled climate models.

      10) Dongxiao Zhang and Michael J. McPhaden: The ocean's role in an intensified hydrological cycle under global warming: A case study for the Pacific.

      11) Ian Ferguson, Phil Duffy and John Dracup: Evaluating Drought-Related Characteristics of Coupled Climate Simulations.

      12) Rachel R. McCrary and David A. Randall: Great Plains Drought in Simulations of the Twentieth Century. Accepted.

      13) Jennifer Alltop Aminzade and David Rind: Predicting Global Warming Impacts on Regional Water Availability. Submitted (pdf).

      14) Tsing-Chang Chen: Possible Remote Forcing for the U.S. Great Plains Droughts. Submitted.

      15) Renu Joseph and Ning Zeng: Seasonally Modulated Tropical Drought Induced by Volcanic Aerosol. Accepted.